By systematically examining various intracortical synapses within the layer 4 of the developing mouse visual cortex, we demonstrate that temporal dynamics of intracortical excitatory synapses are selectively regulated by visual experience prior to the onset of critical period for experience-dependent synaptic plasticity, while that of intracortical inhibitory synapses and long-range thalamocortical excitatory synapses remains unchanged. These findings provide an additional essential exciatory circuit mechanism underlying the regulation of critical period plasticity. et al.